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ACL Reconstruction

ACL Reconstruction is an advanced orthopedic surgical procedure performed to restore knee stability and function after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear caused by sports injuries, accidents, or sudden knee trauma.

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What is ACL Reconstruction?

ACL Reconstruction is a surgical procedure used to repair a torn Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL), one of the key ligaments responsible for knee stability. Instead of stitching the torn ligament, it is replaced with a graft taken from the patient’s own tendon or a donor tendon.
This surgery is commonly recommended for physically active individuals and athletes who experience knee instability, repeated giving-way episodes, or difficulty returning to sports or daily activities.
The primary goal of ACL Reconstruction is to restore knee strength, stability, and full range of motion.

Who Needs ACL Reconstruction?

You may require ACL Reconstruction if you experience:
  • Repeated knee instability or “giving way”
  • Pain and swelling after knee injury
  • Difficulty running, jumping, or changing direction
  • Inability to return to sports or physical activities
  • ACL tear confirmed by MRI scan
  • Failure of non-surgical treatments like physiotherapy

Causes of ACL Injury

ACL injuries commonly occur due to:
  • Sudden twisting or pivoting movements
  • Sports injuries (football, cricket, basketball, badminton)
  • Sudden stops or changes in direction
  • Road traffic accidents
  • Direct impact to the knee
  • Improper landing after a jump

Procedure of ACL Reconstruction

1. Before Surgery

  • Detailed knee examination and MRI scan
  • Pre-operative blood tests and fitness evaluation
  • Discussion of graft options with the surgeon
  • Pre-surgery physiotherapy guidance
  • Medication review and instructions

2. During Surgery

  • Performed using minimally invasive arthroscopic technique
  • Torn ACL is removed
  • New ligament graft is placed and fixed
  • Surgery duration is usually 1–2 hours
  • Conducted under spinal or general anesthesia

3. After Surgery

  • Early knee movement encouraged
  • Pain management and swelling control
  • Use of knee brace if required
  • Gradual weight-bearing as advised
  • Structured physiotherapy program started

Benefits of ACL Reconstruction

  • Restores knee stability and strength
  • Prevents further knee damage
  • Enables return to sports and active lifestyle
  • Reduces risk of future meniscus injuries
  • Improves overall knee function
  • Long-term reliable results

Recovery & Rehabilitation

Recovery after ACL Reconstruction depends largely on physiotherapy and patient commitment.
  • Walking usually starts within a few days
  • Light activities resume in 4–6 weeks
  • Sports training begins around 4–6 months
  • Full recovery typically achieved within 6–9 months
Regular follow-ups, exercises, and rehabilitation are essential for successful outcomes.